Weed management in Wheat crop with herbicides
The productivity of any crop may also be decided by the weeds grown along with the crop. Weeds are gifted with more resistance to abiotic stresses and with better nutrient absorption capacity than crops. 
Integrated weed management practices need to be focused to effectively manage the weeds in any crop. Weeds are also common in wheat crop like any other crops. 
Herbicides usage in wheat crop is an effective option for control of certain weeds in wheat if used properly. However, only using herbicides may not solve all weed problems. Some herbicides are approved for use on wheat crop on different weed species.
Weeds seeds emerge out along with emerging crop seedlings. If weeds are not controlled from early stages of crop growth, depending upon the intensity and type of weeds these may cause reduction in yield of the crop up to 40 %.
The major dicot weeds are Chenopodium album, Fumaria purviflora, Cirsium arvense Anagalis arvensis , Melilotus alba, and Melilotus indica, Vicia sativa, , lathyrus spp.,etc.,
Monocot weeds include: Phalaris minor, Avena fatua, Polypogon monspllensis, Cyperus rotundus and Cynodon dactylon.
Chemical Control
Chemical weed control is preferred because of less labor involvement and no mechanical damage to the crop that happens during manual weeding.
Pre- emergent Weedicides
Pre – emergent herbicide Pendimethalin 8 - 8.5 mL/L of water in 160- 180 litres of water for one acre of wheat crop at 0-3 days after sowing. Pendimethalin controls both grasses and broadleaved weeds on wheat eco system.
Post emergent Weedicides to be sprayed after first irrigation at 30-35 days of sowing or 2-3 leaf stage of weeds
Post emergent weedicides for both grassy and broad leaved weeds
- Combination of Dhanuka-Weedmar [2, 4-D salt] 4 gm/ L and isoproturon 1.5 gm/L 160- 180 litres of water for one acre of wheat crop for the control of mixed weed population.
2. Tata METRI – [Metribuzin 70 %] @ 0.5 to 0.75 gm / L of water in 160- 180 litres of water for one acre of wheat crop
3. Dhanuka-SULTOP – [Sulfosulfuron 75% W.G. ] @ 13 gm in 160- 180 litres of water for one acre of wheat crop.
4. A mixture of Dhanuka-SULTOP [Sulfosulfuron 75% W.G.] at 13 g and Dhanuka- Hook [Metsulfuron-methyl 20% WP] at 8 g per acre in 160- 180 litres of water for one acre of wheat crop.
Post emergent weedicides for grassy weeds
- Syngenta - TOPIK – [clodinafop-propargyl ] at 0.75 – 1 gm/L of water [or 160 gm per acre ] in160- 180 litres of water for one acre of wheat crop.
- Whip Super – [Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 9.3 %] 100 mL per acre in 160- 180 litres of water for one acre of wheat crop.
Post emergent weedicides for broad leaved weeds
- 2, 4-D [ Weedmar ] @ 6 gm/L of water in 150- 180 liters of water per acre.
- Dhanuka- Hook [Metsulfuron-methyl 20% WP] at 8 g per acre in 160- 180 litres of water for one acre of wheat crop.
Do's and Don’ts for spray of herbicides in wheat eco system.
- Sufficient moisture should be present in the soil to take up for both pre and post emergent herbicides.
- Post -emergent herbicides should be applied when weeds are at 2-3 leaf stage.
- Herbicide sprays should be planned on clear and sunny days only when the leaves are dry.
- Fenoxaprop containing herbicide should be sprayed with flat fan nozzle.
- Sulfosulfuran containing herbicide should not applied in mixed cropping system of wheat and mustard or other crops.
- Compulsorily use sticking and spreading agent [ Raccolto Spraywell]for herbicide mix for increased efficiency of the herbicides
K SANJEEVA REDDY,
Senior Agronomist, BigHaat.
Disclaimer: The performance of the product (s) is subject to usage as per manufacturer guidelines. Read enclosed leaflet of the product(s) carefully before use. The use of this product(s)/ information is at the discretion of user.
need to ask about weed control in Anise and sesame and fennel
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