Effective management of Destructive Gummy stem blight disease in Melons and cucurbits
Effective management of Destructive Gummy stem blight disease in Melons and cucurbits
Melons including watermelon, muskmelon and all cucurbits belongs to the family cucurbitaceae are the most popular fruit vegetable crops of India. These are the crops of hot and dry season which are relished by all the people specially during hot summers. But these crops are affected by various harmful diseases in which Gummy stem blight is one among the serious disease.
Pathogen: Gummy stem blight disease is caused by the fungus Didymella bryoniae and this disease is known to occur during all stages of crop growth from seedling till harvesting.
Symptoms:
The symptoms are seen on all parts of the plants except the roots. Initially there will be yellowing of leaf margins, later light brown to dark brown water-soaked necrotic spots appear on the foliage and also on hypocotyl, either in the nursery or after transplanting.
If it occurs in nursery, it leads to splitting of stem, wilting and under severe conditions leads to death of the seedlings.
The spots increase and leads to blight and wilting of foliage.
The infection occurs on the stem as brown water-soaked lesions which leads to stem cankers and gummy brown ooze fluid exudes from cankers.
The fungus also attacks fruits, causing cracking and rotting of fruits called as black rot. Black fungal spores are seen on the affected plant parts. This disease ultimately reduces the yield.
Causes of the disease:
- High humidity (85 %) and moisture condition with frequent rains, or overhead irrigation and poor drainage favours this disease.
- The fungus remains in seeds and transmits through seeds. The fungal spores also spread through wind, rain splashes.
- The fungus remains and survive for several years on undecomposed plant material and even on the alternate host plants and even on weeds.
Preventive measures
- Use diseases free healthy seeds from genuine reputed source and go for seed treatment
- Take proper precaution measures during nursery, by selecting healthy plots, sterilizing media, inspecting seedlings for at least every 2 days for spots and remove all infected seedlings and burn
- Use only healthy seedlings without any spots for transplanting
- Deep ploughing of soil to expose the fungal spores from the debris
- Keep the fields completely free from weeds.
- Avoiding overcrowding of plants thereby allowing proper penetration of air and sunlight
- Avoid overhead irrigation to avoid wetting of leaves, also to avoid splashing of fungal spores to other healthy plants.
- Young leaves of watermelon and melons are highly susceptible to infection, but in case of cucumber and squash young plants are resistant but become susceptible as they grow older.
- Avoid any damage to the plants as well as fruits, since the fungal spores enters through natural openings, wounds.
- Collect and burn all the plant debris after harvesting as the fungus may remain in the soil and plant debris for several months.
Management: The following spray combinations will help to manage with gummy stem blight in melons
1. As a preventive measure go for spraying with following combinations @ 1 week after germination/ @ 3-4 leaf stage
|
SI. No. |
Technical Name |
Trade Name |
|
Trade Name |
Technical Name |
|
1 |
Amistar Top @ 0.5ml/lit |
+ |
Alika @ 0.5ml/lit |
||
|
2 |
Cabriotop @ 2.5 g/lit |
+ |
Areva @ 0.3-0.5 g/lit |
||
|
3 |
Acrobat complete @ 4g/lit |
+ |
Maxima @ 0.5 g/lit |
||
|
4 |
Biostadt Roko @ 2-2.5 g/lit |
+ |
Extra super @ 0.5g/lit.
|
Note: The above spray combinations may help in avoiding the attack of sucking pests like Aphids, Thrips, Jassids, etc along with preventing the gummy stem blight disease incidence.
2. As a curative measure after the incidence of disease and at developmental stages the following combinations may be sprayed
|
SI. No. |
Technical Name |
Trade Name |
|
Trade Name |
Technical Name |
|
1 |
Ridomet @ 0.5 g/lit |
+ |
Bactinash @ 0.5g/lit
|
|
|
|
2 |
Krilaxyl @ 0.5 g/lit |
||||
|
3 |
Ridomil Gold @ 2 g/lit |
||||
|
4 |
Foliogold @ 2 g/lit |
||||
|
5 |
Kavach @ 2 g/lit |
||||
|
6 |
Splash @ 2 g/lit |
||||
|
7 |
Curzate @ 2 g/lit |
Organic Control or Biological method of managing Gummy stem blight disease:
For Organic cultivation of crops, the spray with biological agents may help in preventing the incidence of disease and may also help in controlling the disease after incidence.
The following spray combinations should be done @ 15 days after sowing and should be repeated at every 15 days interval.
Spray or drench with Trichoderma viride or Pseudomonas or Bacillus sps + Neem oil (Azadirachtin) may help in preventing and managing with Gummy stem blight disease in melons and other cucurbits.
|
SI. No. |
Technical Name |
Trade Name |
|
1 |
Trichoderma |
(Ecoderma @ 20g/lit or Sanjeevni @ 20g/lit or Multiplex Nisarga @ 1mL/lit or Treat Bio-Fungicide @ 20g/lit or Alderm @ 2-3mL/lit ) |
|
2 |
Pseudomonas |
(Bactvipe @ 1ml/Lit or Ecomonas 20g/Lit or Spot @ 1ml/Lit or Almonas @ 2-3 mL/Lit or Bio-jodi @ 20g/Lit) |
|
3 |
Bacillus sps |
(Mildown @ 1ml/Lit or Delfin @ 20g/Lit or Abacil @ 2-3 mL/Lit or Bio-jodi @ 20g/Lit or Milastin K @ 2mL/Lit or Aphos @ 2-3 mL/Lit or TB-2 Fertidose @ 2ml/Lit or TB-3 Fertidose @ 2ml/Lit) |
|
4 |
Neem oil (Azadirachtin) |
(Econeem plus @ 1.5-2 mL/Lit or Econeem @ 1.5-2 mL/Lit or @ Ecotin @ 0.5 mL/Lit Wektocon @ 1-2 mL/Lit or Alnym liquid @ 2mL/Lit or Neemark @ 1.5- 2mL/Lit or Nimbecidine 2mL/Lit or Altacide @ 2mL/Lit or Alcare @ 2-3 mL/Lit or |
Trichoderma products
Pseudomonas products
Bacillus products
Azadirachtin products
For more products click the link
https://www.bighaat.com/collections/diseases-gummystemblight-chemical
https://www.bighaat.com/collections/diseases-gummystemblight-biological
https://bighaat-2.myshopify.com/admin/collections/161093681175
**********
Dr. Asha, K.M.
BigHaat
**********
For more information kindly call on 8050797979 or give missed call on 180030002434 during office hours 10 AM to 5 PM
____________________________________________
Disclaimer: The performance of the product (s) is subject to usage as per manufacturer guidelines. Read enclosed leaflet of the product(s) carefully before use. The use of this product(s)/ information is at the discretion of user.
Dear Team,
Thank for you are giving us wonderful knowledge.Regards
Naveen Kumar
Leave a comment